When a diabetic’s blood sugar is low (hypoglycemia), it’s important to act quickly and appropriately. Here’s a clear step-by-step guide:
🚨 Step-by-Step: What to Do for Low Blood Sugar
✅ 1. Recognize the Symptoms
Common signs include:
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Shakiness or trembling
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Sweating
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Hunger
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Irritability or mood changes
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Dizziness or confusion
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Weakness or fatigue
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Rapid heartbeat
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Headache
If blood sugar is below 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L), it’s considered low.
✅ 2. Give Fast-Acting Sugar (15-15 Rule)
If the person is conscious and able to swallow:
Give 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, such as:
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4 glucose tablets
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1/2 cup (4 oz) of fruit juice (like orange or apple)
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1/2 can of regular (non-diet) soda
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1 tablespoon of sugar or honey
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5–6 hard candies (like Life Savers)
🕒 Wait 15 minutes, then recheck blood sugar.
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If it’s still below 70 mg/dL, repeat the 15g treatment.
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If it’s above 70, give a snack with protein and carbs (like crackers with peanut butter) if the next meal is more than an hour away.
⚠️ 3. If the Person is Unconscious or Can't Swallow
DO NOT give food or drink.
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Call emergency services immediately (911 or local emergency number).
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If trained and available, administer a glucagon injection or nasal spray.
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Many diabetics carry a glucagon emergency kit or Baqsimi (nasal glucagon).
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📌 4. Stay With the Person
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Monitor closely until they are alert and stable.
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Once they recover, encourage them to discuss the event with their doctor to adjust their treatment plan if needed.